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Discussion


The article and study developed an interesting question, but left too many holes to fully support their findings. Although the authors said age does not play a role, one could argue that the age range of the participants was large, comparing wheelchair athletes of 46 years of age to runners as young as 32. Because there were only 31 participants, the small sample size may misrepresent or underestimate the differences among the three groups studied. In an attempt to compensate for stability differences among the wheelchair athletes and runner or control participants, non-wheelchair athletes were positioned with their legs extended and crossed, but it is possible that a stabilizing advantage was still present. The study selected only those runners who did not participate in any upper-extremity exercise programs, but this alone does not eliminate all arm exercise. As the authors stated, some training effect in arm exercise could have resulted from arm swing while running. Although this study has an excellent topic, it should be re-examined to address these problems and then re-conducted, if possible.

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