This single-blind experimental design compared two interventions: an intensive tai chi exercise program and a wellness education program. Each intervention lasted for 48 weeks. The tai chi program consisted of instruction from a tai chi grand master or his student of five years. It occurred twice a week, initially for 60 minutes and progressing to 90 minutes during the study. The wellness education course was given 1 hour a week and included information on falls prevention, exercise, nutrition, stress, depression, and life changes.

The primary outcome measure was falls events to ascertain the risk of falling. Falls were self-reported using two forms; one form specified the date of the fall and the other form consisted of a checklist for type of fall, reason for fall, extent of injury, and any necessary medical intervention. Functional measurements were assessed every 4 months and included a functional reach test and parts of the Berg balance test. Different aspects of behavior were measured quarterly to ascertain fear of falling (Falls Efficacy Scale) and subjective health-related quality of life (Sickness Impact Profile), for example. A physician measured muscle strength (manual muscle testing), grip strength, and active range of motion in all limbs every four months.