This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) issued by National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) invites Exploratory/Developmental Phased Innovation (R21/R33) grant applications to support research and/or infrastructure needs leading to more accessible and affordable hearing health care (HHC). For the purposes of the working group and this FOA, �hearing health care� includes assessment (including screening) and nonmedical treatment and rehabilitation of HL, including hearing aid selection and fitting and aural rehabilitation (counseling, auditory training). The proposed research aims should lead to the delivery of better healthcare access and outcomes and be directed to solutions that are effective, affordable and deliverable to those who need them. Outcomes research and health services research related to accessible and affordable hearing health care are also responsive to this FOA. This FOA provides support for up to two years (R21 phase) for preliminary /development studies, followed by possible transition of up to four years of expanded research and development support (R33 phase). The total project period for an application submitted in response to this FOA may not exceed five years. This FOA requires measurable R21 milestones.