Is the element designed with flexibility so that it can be used the way it works best for each individual? The principle of flexibility in use accepts that not everyone uses a piece of equipment the same way. So how can the design accommodate all the different preferences that individuals may have?

On elevated play structures, designers must recognize that each individual user will prefer a different means of access and, as such, should plan accordingly. Some kids may want to climb the rock wall to the elevated platform, some may take the steps, and some might prefer to stay in their wheelchairs and take the ramp. Designers have considered the widest spectrum of users where elevated composite structures provide multiple means of access, including climbers, ladders, stairs, transfer systems, and ramps.

A sand play area with an accessible sand table and a transfer system.

One misperception about accessible playground design is that materials that are not considered accessible, like sand, cannot or should not be included on an accessible playground. This extreme expulsion is not necessary. There are several materials that offer great play value. The issue of use becomes a matter of design. Yes, sand is considered an inaccessible surface as part of the accessible route. But if the containment structure is thoughtfully designed and facilitates flexibility of use, a sand play area can provide wonderful play opportunities. Two examples are shown here where children have the option to either play with the sand at a sand table or sit in the sand area itself or on the adjacent transfer system or raised containment edging. If mom is supervising play, the design options also give her the choice to restrict play to the table area or open up to the larger sand play area. In other words, does she want to restrict play to the sand table and only have to clean sand off hands or open up use to the larger area and vacuum out the car later?

This sand play area offers a sand table, a transfer system, and concrete containment edging that users may sit on.

We are just starting to see some truly creative designs emerge from these initial concepts. Some new designs include sand tables at multiple heights for use standing or sitting; sand containment areas with a zero-depth entry or ramp into the sand surface along with raised containment edging that allows both children and adults to sit along the side of the containment area; and the migration of sand and water play in the same area.