The frequency and duration of each session depends upon the individual. Generally, most experts agree that 20 to 30 minutes of aerobic exercise, five to six times per week is acceptable to achieve the desired results. The concept that one may be able to break down sessions to 3- to 10-minute intervals has become more popular lately. Given the fitness levels of most individuals with head injuries, this may be very helpful in developing a reasonable program.

Target Heart Rate is the norm for determining heart rate during exercise and the range in which one must work for better health and greater endurance. To achieve optimum results, target heart rate should be between 55% to 90% of the maximum heart rate. In unfit individuals, the American College of Sports Medicine recommends that heart rates be between 55% to 64%. The equation for determining this value for a 40-year-old man with a resting heart rate of 60 is as follows:

220 (-) your age (-) resting heart rate x 55%(.55) to 90%(.90) (+) resting heart rate = Target Heart Rate

220
-40 (Age)
160
-60 (Resting heart rate)*
100
x.55 (% of exercise intensity)
55
+60 (Resting heart rate)
115 (Target heart rate)

* Resting heart rate is determined by taking the pulse for 60 seconds before getting out of bed

Additional Guidelines for a Cardiovascular Program:

• Medical referrals and evaluation
• Capabilities, limitations, and needs
• Proper documentation
• Start slowly, progress gradually
• Assist participant
• Be familiar with warning signs of overexertion
• Positive feedback
• Proper fluid intake
• Choose activities that provide incentives