Deficits of attention include the ability to focus on a particular matter, the ability to sustain attention over time, and the speed at which this information is processed. This affects Rob to a great degree in his ability to process information and focus on a task. Noisy, crowded environments make it difficult for Rob to focus his attention and be able to learn a new skill. Avoiding the gym at prime-time hours is helpful in keeping Rob focused.
Impairments of memory and learning affect Don. His ability to retain information takes repetition and clear direction. Don's short-term memory is almost nonexistent. Therefore, it is necessary to use schedules and verbal prompting for reminders.
Motor planning and goal-directed behavior affect Rob. Initiation is difficult for him unless prompting is given on specific tasks. Rob does display goal-directed behavior but is limited to a certain few tasks such as fishing, weight training, and, upon occasion, church.
Planning and problem-solving are areas in which all the men need assistance. After years of institutional life, their ability to do these tasks has diminished greatly. States of confusion such as disorientation are common to Sam and Don. Scheduling and being consistent in carrying out activities is helpful. Impaired short-term memory also plays a role in this confused behavior.
Judgment problems are common with Sam, who periodically tries to stick his finger in the equipment or licks items in the gym facility.