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NCHPAD - Building Healthy Inclusive Communities

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Introduction to Study Findings


Final Report of Study Findings

Denise G. Tate, Ph.D., Principal Investigator
Anthony Chiodo, M.D., Co-Investigator
Virginia Nelson, M.D., Co-Investigator
Sunny Roller, M.A., Co-Investigator
Eric Zemper, Ph.D., Co-Investigator
Martin Forchheimer, MPP, Research Associate

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
University of Michigan Health System
June 28, 2002

Funded by the UMHS Faculty Group Practice Venture Investment Fund and the UMHS General Clinical Research Center

This was a two-year randomized controlled trial designed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive and integrated (holistic) wellness program for men and women ages 22-80 with spinal cord injury (SCI). It was hypothesized that program participants would experience fewer secondary conditions, demonstrate improved physiological and psychological health, perceive improved quality of life (QOL), and change their health knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors. Sixty-eight men and women with SCI were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group attended a series of six four-hour workshop sessions. The control group went through the same assessment process as the intervention group, but did not attend the workshop sessions. The pre- and post-test measures included Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Seekin's Secondary Conditions Scale, Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Barriers to Physical Activities with Disability Questionnaire (B-PADS), Physical Activities with Disability (PADS) Questionnaire, components of the U-M Health Risk Appraisal (HRA), and The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Neurological Impairment Classification Measure. Biometric fitness measures included arm crank ergometry, body mass index, and total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, TC/HDL ratio. Significant differences were obtained in several measures of health behavior, suggesting positive changes toward wellness and health knowledge acquired through the program. Changes in physiological measures were non-significant.


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